Combining Perl-inspired syntax with features like those of Smalltalk, Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, general purpose object-oriented scripting language. It was developed and designed on February 24, 1993 by Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto in Japan. Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp are the languages that it is based on.

Including object oriented, functional, reflective, and imperative, multiple programming paradigms are supported by the script. Moreover, it has an automatic memory management and dynamic type system, which makes it analogous to CLU, Perl, Python, Dylan, and Lisp in varying respects.

C was used to write the implementation of the standard 1.8.7, as a single-pass interpreted language. At present, no specification of the language exists, and hence the de facto reference is its original implementation. As of 2008, several of its alternative implementations have arrived including YARV, JRuby, Rubinius, IronRuby, and MacRuby. Each of its alternatives takes a special approach while just-in-time compilation is provided by JRuby and IronRuby. YARV is used by the official 1.9 branch. Version 2.0 which is in development is said to be using this also and is said to be finally superseding the slower MRI of the language.

The concept that gave birth to the script was that there got to be a scripting language that balances functional programming with imperative programming. According to the designer and developer, Yukihiro, a scripting language that was more object-oriented than Python and more powerful than Perl was what he was looking for. And so he ended up creating the script. Yukihiro has stated that he designed the language from programmers’ point of view as he believes that systems design should give emphasis to human needs more than computer needs. So, he followed the principles of good user interface design, and as a result it not only enhances a programmer’s productivity, but most programmers find working with it a fun, cool thing.

Rumor has it that Ruby follows the principle of least surprise (POLS) – the language behavior that minimizes confusion for experienced users. However, in a May 2005 discussion on the comp.lang.ruby newsgroup, Yukihiro tried to detach the script from POLS. Besides, he has stated that he had not applied the principle of least surprise to the design of the script. In spite of this, the script seems to be believed following POLS among some programmers.

Features of Ruby:

Following are the features of the script:

* Object-oriented
* DLL/Shared library dynamic loading on most platforms
* Six levels of variable scope:
o global,
o class,
o class instance,
o instance,
o local, and
o block

* Exception management
* Methods can be called without parentheses, making Ruby trendy for putting into operation Domain Specific Languages
* Automatic garbage assembling
* Iterators and conclusions
* Indigenous, Perl-like standard terminology at the language level
* Operative overfilling
* Greatly portable
* Two-way multi-threading on all platforms by means of green threads
* Introspection, reflection and meta-programming
* Big standard library
* Sustains reliance injection
* Sustains object runtime modification
* Continuance and initiators

Although Ruby has partial support for UTF-8, at present, it lacks full support for Unicode.

Are looking for developing a database backed web application that too with no obligation on OS and have a range of database and web servers? With wide range of databases and web servers with any OS to build web applications with sustainable productivity Ruby on Rails is one of the best technologies for developing database backed web applications. RoR is an open source web development framework, which has taken the web application space by storm. Rails, is fully blown infrastructure, environment or framework for developing any type of web application in real time. Its popularity is proving to be a serious threat to the monopoly of .Net and Java in the field of application development.

Another advantage of using this technology is that it proves very useful while developing database driven websites and applications. It supports databases like Mysql, Postgresql, and Oracle etc. and also provides developers with detailed error logs so as to enable them to debug applications. Users have the facility to develop search engine friendly URL’s for dynamic websites (which have query strings and delimiters like question mark) using the Rails framework. Its MVC (model view architecture) enables data and logic to be separated from presentation. The wide range of libraries provided to developers helps in simplifying the coding of common programming languages tasks such as form validations, sessions management etc. The active record feature in rails simplifies data handling in databases as it automatically maps tables to classes and rows to objects. All these features have made Ruby on Rails a popular framework amongst the open source developers’ community as it helps in rapid application development.

The unprecedented popularity enjoyed by social networking sites, regional blogs, and community sharing sites has led to a steep rise in the demand for open source web development frameworks Rails, which can be used to develop web 2.0 applications. It has been found to be superior to earlier programming languages like PHP, Java, ASP and certainly more feature-rich as compared to Java and .NET. Vendors in India have leveraged the power of Ruby on Rails to develop database driven websites and applications quickly and effectively for their offshore and on-site clients. By leveraging the power of Ruby on Rails web development by combining Rails framework with Ruby programming; open source developers, PHP programmers have been successful in building robust and scalable applications at low costs and a faster turnaround time.

Over the past few years open source software, web platform and technologies have taken stake of web development and web application development. With Ruby on Rails hype in IT industry we have seen proportionate increase in performance and scalability problems. Ruby on Rails was extracted from Basecamp by David Heinemeier Hansson, is a framework for web application. Ruby on Rails development India offers Ruby on Rails offshore outsourcing web development and is based on open source web platform, LAMP. Ruby is object oriented programming language, it is blend of different languages – it has taken concept from Smalltalk, ease to use from Python and reality and flow from Pearl. Rails is well stack, comprehensive open source framework for developing database supported web applications, dynamic websites using model view controller (MVC) methodology.
With your database and web server, the Rail web development environment helps you develop complete, simple web application with rich functionality and interactivity. Because of the flexibility it provides Ruby on Rails is well suited for e-commerce development, content management, oscommerce, collaboration and online social communities. Since Rail works well with wide range of web servers and databases it is really easy to deploy web solutions using Rails.

Ruby on Rails (RoR) development main features include Model View Controller architecture that separates data from logic i.e. presentation layer and helps in organizing application program. RoR database access library simplifies data handling. Rails framework consists of extensive AJAX library, Ruby uses this library to generate AJAX code and the required Java script is automatically generated.

Let us discuss in brief Ruby on Rails framework, it includes following packages: ActiveRecord, ActiveResource (Active Web Service Package), ActionPack, Active Support, ActionMailer. These packages can be customized by adding plug-ins and extending existing functionalities of these packages.

Combining Perl-inspired syntax with features like those of Smalltalk, Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, general purpose object-oriented scripting language.

Including object oriented, functional, reflective, and imperative, multiple programming paradigms are supported by the script. Moreover, it has an automatic memory management and dynamic type system, which makes it analogous to CLU, Perl, Python, Dylan, and Lisp in varying respects.

Features of Ruby:

Following are the features of the script:

* Object-oriented
* DLL/Shared library dynamic loading on most platforms
* Six levels of variable scope:
o global,
o class,
o class instance,
o instance,
o local, and
o block

* Exception management
* Methods can be called without parentheses, making Ruby trendy for putting into operation Domain Specific Languages
* Automatic garbage assembling
* Iterators and conclusions
* Indigenous, Perl-like standard terminology at the language level
* Operative overfilling
* Greatly portable
* Two-way multi-threading on all platforms by means of green threads
* Introspection, reflection and meta-programming
* Big standard library
* Sustains reliance injection
* Sustains object runtime modification
* Continuance and initiators